Dr Biradar Satish Chandra*, Dr Vidayasagar, Dr Prashanth Hosmani and Dr Amina
*Associate Professor, Dept –Livestock Production Management, Veterinary College Bidar.
Agriculture and allied sector is the backbone of Indian economy as this sector not only provides food and nutritional security but also creates job opportunity for two- thirds of the population. The agriculture and allied sector contribution in National GDP is about 17.32 percent with annual growth of 4.1 percent (Economic Survey, 2016-17). In agriculture and allied sector, Indian poultry sector is the major game changer with an overall growth of about 7-8% per annum (0.7% in National GDP). Among various agriculture and allied farming, poultry farming is one of the most efficient components of the farmer’s economy as it provides eggs, meat, feathers and manures with small capital investment and fewer workforces.
In the last 4 decades, poultry farming in India has been transformed from a mere tool of supplementary income and nutritious food for the family to a major commercial activity generating the required revenue. From backyard activity to major commercial operation, the poultry sector has undergone a paradigm shift. A spectacular progress has been made from subsistence to sustainable production system. India has emerged as a self-reliant, technology driven country with the capability to produce every essential input for successful poultry farming including indigenous genetic resource and breeding, world class poultry vaccines and medicines, specific, pathogen free eggs(SPF), farms and hatchery automation systems, pelleted feed, egg processing, poultry processing, nationwide network of disease diagnostic laboratories and facilities for entrepreneurial development and training in both private and public sectors. Indian poultry industry has been a major contributor to the food-processing sector in the country. Changing food habits, rising income of the middle class Indian, presence of private players, rising market demand of the Indian poultry produce in the export market are some of the contributing factors to the growth of the industry.
Poultry is the most organized sector in animal agriculture, worth rupees two lakh crore. The growth is 6-8% in layers and 10-12% in broilers per year against the growth of agriculture as a whole which is around 2.5%. The Indian poultry market, consisting of broilers and eggs was worth INR 1,749.5 Billion in 2021. The market is further projected to reach INR 3,775 Billion by 2023.This transformation has involved a sizeable investment in breeding, hatching, rearing and processing activities. As per the reports of Indian Poultry Industry, the annual production of table eggs has gone up to 84 billion from few millions and the poultry meat production has gone up to 4.2MMTfrom nowhere. However, the per capita consumption of 68 eggs and 3.2 kg of chicken is much lesser than the recommendation of the Nutritional Advisory Committee, ICMR i.e. 180 eggs and 10.8 kg poultry meat per annum, which means that the Indian poultry market is laden with opportunities. Adult population in most developed countries consume over 240 eggs and 20 kg of chicken per annum.
India has 1.3 billion people and the number is growing every year. The focus is on “Development” meaning Good Food, Better Health & Living conditions to everyone. People spend more money on food when they earn more. Healthy food at attractive price will be the issue in focus. Eggs and chicken are accepted by all communities and are available at the most reasonable prices.
SUGGESTED VACCINATION SCHEDULE (BROILER)
Age Vaccine Route of administration
0 day Marek’s disease (HVT) Subcutaneous
7th day B1-ND vaccine or Lasota NDV Eye drop
10th or 14th day IBD (Int) Live / IBD (Int +) Live Eye drop
21st day Lasota NDV (live) Drinking water
NOTE:
1. All vaccinations should be done in consultation with the experts.
2. Time schedule for IBD varies with the occurrence of the disease in the area. So, proper timing of vaccination should be fixed in consultation with the local Veterinarian.
A model economics for broiler farming with 10000 bird capacity is given below. This is indicative and applicable input and output costs and the parameters observed at the field level may be incorporated. An entrepreneur willing to establish a broiler farm may refer this project report and customize the same as per the local condition, since the Techno-Economic parameters may differ on a case by case basis.
Poultry Project Report for 10000 broilers with batches at 42 days interval
| A. NON RECURRING EXPENDITURE: | ||
| 1. Land | Available | |
| 2. Fencing | – | |
| 2. Water | Available | |
| 3. Buildings | Work will start upon release of loan | |
| Shed | 10,000 x 1.2 sq.ft =12,000 sq.ft x Rs. 100 | 12,00,000 |
| Office cum store | 30 ft x 20 ft = 600 sq.ft x Rs. 120 | 72,000 |
| Equipments | @ Rs. 16/ bird i.e.,10,000 x Rs. 16 | 1,60,000 |
| Water & Electrification charges | @ Rs. 2/ sq.ft i.e., 6000 x Rs. 2 | 12,000 |
| Total | 14,44,000 | |
| B. RECURRING EXPENDITURE (0 – 6 WEEKS): | ||
| 1. Cost of Day old chicks | @ Rs. 35/chick i.e.,10,000 x Rs. 35 | 3,50,000 |
| 2. Cost of Feed | @ 3.5 Kg x Rs. 40 x 10,000 | 14,00,000 |
| 3. Brooding & Medicine Expenses | @ Rs. 2 x10,000 | 20,000 |
| 4. Labour | @ Rs. 9,000/ month x 2 months | 18,000 |
| 5. Miscellaneous Expenses | @ Rs. 1 x 10,000 | 10,000 |
| Total | 17,98,000 | |
| Total Recurring Expenditure | 17,98,000 | |
| + Non Recurring Expenditure (A) | 14,44,000 | |
| Total Expenditure | 32,38,000 | |
| D. GROSS INCOME: | ||
| 1. Sale of Live birds (2% mortality) | @ 9800 birds x 2 Kg x Rs. 125 | 24,50,000 |
| 2. Sale of Manure (1 ton/ 1000 birds) | 10 tonne x Rs. 500 | 5,000 |
| 3. Sale of Gunny bags | 35,000 kg feed/ 50 kg = 350 bags x Rs. 5 | 1,750 |
| Total | 24,56,750 | |
| E. GROSS PROFIT: | (D-B only recurring) | 6,58,750 |
| F. GROSS PROFIT/YEAR: | Gross income x 6 batches | 39,52,500 |